Extended Model of Action Orientation in Academic and Non-Academic Education

The concept of action orientation is based on the constructivist approach and encourages learner activation. This allows learners to construct their own cognitive structures and utilize educators as a resource in the learning process. Consequently, the role of the educator shifts, becoming more of an advisor and moderator than a provider of knowledge. This shift is not explicitly considered in the conventional action-oriented model. Therefore, there is a gap in the modeling of the concept. This paper introduces the concept of action orientation and adds a layer of support and layer of reflection to address the aforementioned gap. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates through an illustrative example the feasibility of implementing the extended model in academic courses.