Valorization of agro-industrial waste to produce low-methoxyl pectin and its activation towards more sustainable applications and circular economy

The recovery of biopolymers like low-methoxyl pectin (LMP) from agro-industrial waste materials is gaining momentum due to the increased demand and sustainable ecofriendly sources. This review highlights the significance of LMP derived from agro-industrial residues, with a focus on its structural, functional, and techno-economic properties. The conventional and novel extraction methods are explored with respect to their effectiveness and sustainability. The molecular arrangement and structure of LMP were discussed in detail, along with a comparative explanation with high methoxyl pectin. The techno-functional attributes of LMP, such as gelling, emulsification, and water-holding capacity, are deliberated regarding its usage in food, pharmaceutical, and environmental applications. Further, the economic view of LMP manufacture is also deliberated and emphasizing cost effective approaches and how its enterprises a circular economy. Overall, this review highlights the role of LMP as a versatile biopolymer that drives innovation in numerous industries and environmental sustainability.